GPS CORS系统实时定位精度检测方法探讨   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

龚真春  杨晋强  白冰  韩平 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(3):88-90

GPS连续运行参考站系统(CORS)的实时动态定位(RTK)精度是用户最关心的内容.简要介绍了影响系统定位精度的主要因素,对GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度测试方法进行了探讨,并对几种测试方法进行了分析和比较.工程试验结果表明:综合使用几种方法,可以较全面、有效地检测GPS CORS系统的实时定位精度.  相似文献   

城市地理信息公众服务平台服务功能的探讨     

巩志伟  王屏  巩翼龙 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,34(2):122-123,126

随着"数字城市地理空间框架建设"试点与推广工作的顺利推进,建立面向社会公众的地理信息服务系统的迫切性越来越显著.本文结合实际,总结公众服务系统应具备的基本功能并对实际应用情况进行了介绍.  相似文献   

Interannual and interdecadal variations of the South Asian and western Pacific subtropical highs and their relationships with Asian-Pacific summer climate   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

Xingwen Jiang  Yueqing Li  Song Yang  Renguang Wu 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2011,113(3-4):171-180

In this study, interdecadal and interannual variations of the South Asian high (SAH) and the western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), as well as their relationships with the summer climate over Asian and Pacific regions, are addressed. The variations of SAH and WPSH are objectively measured by the first singular value decomposition (SVD) mode of geopotential heights at the 100- and 500-hPa levels. The first SVD mode of summertime 100- and 500-hPa geopotential heights represents well the relationship between the variations of SAH and WPSH. Both SAH and WPSH exhibit large interannual variability and experienced an apparent long-term change in 1987. The WPSH intensifies and extends westward when SAH intensifies and extends eastward, and vice versa. The India?CBurma trough weakens when WPSH intensifies. The changes in SAH and WPSH at various levels are linked to broad-scale increases in tropical tropospheric temperature and geopotential height. When SAH and WPSH strengthen, monsoon flow becomes weaker over eastern Asia. In the meantime, precipitation decreases over eastern South China Sea, Philippines, the Philippine Sea and northeastern Asia, but increases over China, Korea, Japan and the ocean domain east of Japan. Similar features are mostly found on both interdecadal and interannual timescales, but are more evident on interannual timescale.  相似文献   

中国南方暴雨野外试验中尺度气象分析场的建立及其质量评估   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

崔春光  倪允琪  李红莉  彭菊香  张艳霞  邱学兴  许晓林 《气象学报》2011,69(1):26-40

利用武汉暴雨研究所从美国引进的LAPS中尺度分析系统,将2008年和2009年5-7月中国南方暴雨野外科学试验(SCHeREX)中所采集的观测资料进行融合、同化,生成了华南、华中、江淮和长江三角洲4个观测区的空间分辨为5 km、时间分辨为3 h的SHCeREX中尺度气象分析场.文中从两方面对SCHeREX中尺度分析场的...  相似文献   

Multi-model projection of July�CAugust climate extreme changes over China under CO2 doubling. Part I: Precipitation     

���÷  ����  ����� 《大气科学进展》2011,28(2):433-447

Potential changes in precipitation extremes in July–August over China in response to CO 2 doubling are analyzed based on the output of 24 coupled climate models from the Twentieth-Century Climate in Coupled Models (20C3M) experiment and the 1% per year CO 2 increase experiment (to doubling) (1pctto2x) of phase 3 of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP3). Evaluation of the models’ performance in simulating the mean state shows that the majority of models fairly reproduce the broad spatial pattern of observed precipitation. However, all the models underestimate extreme precipitation by ～50%. The spread among the models over the Tibetan Plateau is ～2–3 times larger than that over the other areas. Models with higher resolution generally perform better than those with lower resolutions in terms of spatial pattern and precipitation amount. Under the 1pctto2x scenario, the ratio between the absolute value of MME extreme precipitation change and model spread is larger than that of total precipitation, indicating a relatively robust change of extremes. The change of extreme precipitation is more homogeneous than the total precipitation. Analysis on the output of Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory coupled climate model version 2.1 (GFDL-CM2.1) indicates that the spatially consistent increase of surface temperature and water vapor content contribute to the large increase of extreme precipitation over contiguous China, which follows the Clausius–Clapeyron relationship. Whereas, the meridionally tri-polar pattern of mean precipitation change over eastern China is dominated by the change of water vapor convergence, which is determined by the response of monsoon circulation to global warming.  相似文献   

Diagnostic analysis of the evolution mechanism for a vortex over the Tibetan Plateau in June 2008   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李论  张人禾  温敏 《大气科学进展》2011,28(4):797-808

Based on the final analyses data (FNL) of the Global Forecasting System of the NCEP and the obser- vational radiosonde data, the evolution mechanism of an eastward-moving low-level vortex over the Tibetan Plateau in June 2008 was analyzed. The results show that the formation of the vortex was related to the convergence between the northwesterly over the central Tibetan Plateau from the westerly zone and the southerly from the Bay of Bengal at 500 hPa, and also to the divergence associated with the entrance re- gion of the upper westerly jet at 200 hPa. Their dynamic effects were favorable for ascending motion and forming the vortex over the Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, the effect of the atmospheric heat source (Q1) is discussed based on a transformed potential vorticity (PV) tendency equation. By calculating the PV budgets, we showed that Q1 had a great inffuence on the intensity and moving direction of the vortex. In the developing stage of the vortex, the heating of the vertically integrated Q1 was centered to the east of the vortex center at 500 hPa, increasing PV tendency to the east of the vortex. As a result, the vortex strengthened and moved eastward through the vertically uneven distribution of Q1. In the decaying stage, the horizontally uneven heating of Q1 at 500 hPa weakened the vortex through causing the vortex tubes around the vortex to slant and redistributing the vertical vorticity field.  相似文献   

ADS 80航空摄影测量系统的特点与应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高立 《测绘与空间地理信息》2011,(6):212-214

仪器设备状况是航空摄影测量技术发展水平的标志。徕卡ADS 80基于航天传感器线阵扫描和全球定位系统、高精度的惯性导航定向系统（IMU）获取数字影像,利用该传感器进行航空摄影,不需经过扫描,就可以直接为数字摄影测量、遥感图像处理系统提供高分辨率的全色、真彩色、近红外数字影像,能够实现DLG数据的快速采集。与以往基于像对的...  相似文献   

嫦娥二号卫星X波段测控体制试验定位分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李金岭  刘鹂  乔书波 《测绘科学技术学报》2011,28(2):84-87

2010-10-03～2010-10-04,在嫦娥二号任务实时观测阶段进行了X波段测控体制试验.从定位归算角度对试验期间的S波段数传信号(S1频点)测量时延(S1时延)和X波段单程测距差分(DOR)信号测量时延(DOR时延)进行了比对分析.初步结果表明,DOR时延的实测资料精度与链路计算理论估值基本相符.而且由于信号的...  相似文献   

Coherent Structures and the Dissimilarity of Turbulent Transport of Momentum and Scalars in the Unstable Atmospheric Surface Layer   总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0  

Dan Li  Elie Bou-Zeid 《Boundary-Layer Meteorology》2011,140(2):243-262

Atmospheric stability effects on the dissimilarity between the turbulent transport of momentum and scalars (water vapour and temperature) are investigated in the neutral and unstable atmospheric surface layers over a lake and a vineyard. A decorrelation of the momentum and scalar fluxes is observed with increasing instability. Moreover, different measures of transport efficiency (correlation coefficients, efficiencies based on quadrant analysis and bulk transfer coefficients) indicate that, under close to neutral conditions, momentum and scalars are transported similarly whereas, as the instability of the atmosphere increases, scalars are transported increasingly more efficiently than momentum. This dissimilarity between the turbulent transport of momentum and scalars under unstable conditions concurs with, and is likely caused by, a change in the topology of turbulent coherent structures. Previous laboratory and field studies report that under neutral conditions hairpin vortices and hairpin packets are present and dominate the vertical fluxes, while under free-convection conditions thermal plumes are expected. Our results (cross-stream vorticity variation, quadrant analysis and time series analysis) are in very good agreement with this picture and confirm a change in the structure of the coherent turbulent motions under increasing instability, although the exact structure of these motions and how they are modified by stability requires further investigation based on three-dimensional flow data.  相似文献   

Features of the Extremely Severe Drought in the East of Southwest China and Anomalies of Atmospheric Circulation in Summer 2006   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

LI Yonghu  XU Haiming  LIU De 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2011,25(2):176-187

The spatial-temporal features of the extremely severe drought and the anomalous atmospheric circulation in summer 2006 are analyzed based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the characteristic circulation indices given by the National Climate Center of China, and the daily precipitation data of 20 stations in the east of Southwest China (ESC) from 1959 to 2006. The results show that the rainless period started from early June and ended in early September 2006 with a total of more than 80 days, and the rainfall was especially scarce from around 25 July to 5 September 2006. Precipitation for each month was less than normal, and analysis of the precipitation indices shows that the summer precipitation in 2006 was the least since 1959. The extremely severe drought in the ESC in summer 2006 was closely related to the persistent anomalies of the atmospheric circulation in the same period, i.e., anomalies of mid-high latitude atmospheric circulation, western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH), westerlies, South Asian high, lower-level flow, water vapor transport, vertical motion, and so on. Droughts usually occur when the WPSH lies anomalously northward and westward, or anomalously weak and eastward. The extreme drought in summer 2006 was caused by the former. When the WPSH turned stronger and shifted to the north and west of its normal position, and the South Asian high was also strong and lay eastward, downdrafts prevailed over the ESC and suppressed the water vapor transfer toward this area. At the same time, the disposition of the westerlies and the mid-high latitude circulation disfavored the southward invasion of cold air, which jointly resulted in the extremely severe drought in the ESC in summer 2006. The weak heating over the Tibetan Plateau and vigorous convective activities over the Philippine area were likely responsible for the strong WPSH and its northwestward shift in summer 2006.  相似文献